vernon



J. VERNON. DRINKING VESSEL.

2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

w a v m L s M /W W J H J d. e 2 t n m G m t a M P UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE. l

. JAMES VERNON, NEWTON-STEWART, SCOTLAND.

DRINKING-VESSEL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 282,244, dated July 31, 1883. I

Application filed September 15, 1882. (No model.) Patented in England September 14, 1876, No. 3,602; in France November ,2, 1876,

No. 115,314; in Germany December 20, 1877, No. 2,415, and in Italy August 16, 1881, No. 13,256.

ton-Stewart, Scotland, have invented certain Improvements in or Applicable to Drinking- Vessels and other Articles, of whichthe fllowing is a specification.

The object of this invention is to fit drinking-vessels and other articleswith elastic cushions for the purpose, in the case of fragile articles, of protecting them from fracture when placed upon a hard or non-elastic surface, and in the case of metallic articles of preventing them, when set down heavily, from being bent at the foot or base or from indenting or scratching the surfaces on which they are placedor over which they are moved.

In applying this invention it is requisite to provide an elastic material which will not be injuriously affected by water and by the detergent substances used in washing the articles to which the elastic material is to be applied;

and, furthermore, it is important that the cushions should be permanently secured in place and have no tendency to yield to the friction of drying-cloths and become loosened or displaced. To provide against these contingencies I employ the material known as vuloan' ized india-rubber, preferring that which is prepared with Kermes mineral, and thisI cause to fita recess formed in the base or foot of the vesselor other article, whether made of glass, earthenware, or metal, securing the same in place in the manner which I will proceed to explain, reference being had to the ac companying sheets of drawings.

Figure 1 shows in partial sectional elevation a water-bottle fitted at foot with an elastic bearing-surface according to my'invention,

. and Fig. 2 is an inverted plan view of the same. I

A is aring of vulcanized india-rubber, composed of a bead or strip of such section as will fill an annular groove,a, formed in the bottom of the water-bottleandprojecting slightly beyond it.

This annular groove is enlarged a may be filled up with cement of any kind that will remain unaffected by water and alkaline solutions to which the vessel or other article may be exposed when being cleaned.

.Fig. 3 shows in transverse section, and Fig.

4 in inverted plan view, the bottom portion of an ordinary basin fitted with an elastic annular pad according to this invention. In this example, as in Fig. 2, the annular groove a isenlarged laterally, as at a, (see Fig. 4,) to admit of the insertion of the bead or strip of india-rubber A, which is to form the elastic ring, endwise into the groove. This elastic bead has a dovetailed section to correspond with the form of the groove, and it is shown in side view at Fig. 5 with holes pierced through its dovetailed part. These holes are intended to be filled with cement, which will harden and adhere to the sides of the groove,

'or form hard pins that will resist all tendency of. the ring to tear away when subjected to undue strain. This will be better understood by reference to Fig. 3, which shows a pin of cement, c, lying transversely of the groove.- Keenes china cement will serve my purpose. In some cases the cement may be dispensed with. i

' The invention is particularly applicable to large vessels of earthenware with lids of the same material, such as sugar-jars and bread p ans. I

When applying the invention to bread-pans,

I form the lid of the pan with a dovetail groove,

a, at the lip, (see Fig. 6,) and fit the same with a ring, A, of india-rubber, which will bed upon the flange of the pan. The groove to will be provided with an enlargement like that shown in Figs. 2 and 4:. In some cases, instead of forming the recess for the annular cushion in the bottom or base of the article itself, I fit upon the articlewhether a drinking-vessel, a statuette, or a vase, for example .a metallic grooved rim or base to receive the annular cushion. The rim may be secured by cement or otherwise to .the article which it is intended to protect. The recess in the metallic rim or base will be countersunk or dovetailed to insure the retention of the elastic cushion therein. In Sheet I, Fig. 7, is shown the manner of 2 eczema adapting my invention to a china vase when the metallic rim or base is desired to be concealed. (Z is an annular rim or base of soft metal, formed with an external shoulder, e, to receive the foot of the vase, which is secured to the rim, either by cement or by turning over and pressing the shoulder into close contact with the vase-foot, in the manner commonly practiced when mounting earthenware articles in metal. The under face of the rim (1 has formed in it an annular dovetail groove, to, to receive a cushion, A, of vulcanized india-rubb er, Whi ch fits tightly therein. provided with an enlargement like that shown at a in Figs. 2 and 4:, to permit the bead or strip of rubber to be inserted endwise. By fitting to the vase the elastic cushion, as explained, the liability of its chipping at the foot will be prevented, and that without giving to it an unsightly appearance or interfering with a proportional form. A

WVhen it is not considered objectionable to bring the entire metallic rim into view, I adopt the arrangement shown at Figs. 8 and 9, which represent a decanter fitted to a metallic base,

(I, furnished, as before explained, with an an-v nular cushion of india-rubber, A, fitting into a dovetailed groove, a, as before described. The vessel in this example fits into the metal base, and is secured thereto by cement supple mented by the lateral pressure of the metal on the decanter-base. Fig. 8 shows the metal rim in partial section, and Fig. 9 in inverted plan view. The rim may be ornamented by chasing or otherwise, as thought desirable.

Having now explained the nature of my in- The groove a should bevention, I would remark that I do not claim the use of elastic surfaces generally as applied to the foot or base of glass, earthenware, and other articles, as the use of such a material is well known, and in one form is claimed under a patent to me on the 10th- July, 1877, No. 193,058; but

lVhat I claim as my invention is 1. A drinking-vessel orother article having in its base an annular dovetailed groove or recess, a, and having a lateral enlargement, a, in said groove or recess, substantially as and for the purpose herein described.

2. The combination, with a drinking-vessel or other article having in its base an annular dovetailed groove or recess, a, and the lateral enlargement a in said groove or recess, of the cushion A, consisting of a strip'of india-rubber capable of being inserted into and removed from said groove or recess through said lateral enlargement, substantially as herein described.

3. The combination, with a drinking-vessel or other article having in its base an annular dovetailed groove or recess, and having a lateral enlargement in said groove or recess, of a cushion of india-rubber, consisting of a strip or bead fitted into said groove or recess, and having in it holes filled with cement, which will harden and form pins 0, for retaining the strip in said groove or recess, substantially as and for the purpose herein described.

JAMES VERNON.

\Vitnesses:

Gno. J. B. FRANKLIN, JOHN DEAN, Both of 17 Gracechm'ch Street, London, E. C. 

